Readings

Text book

The text book in INFO216 is Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist, Second Edition: Effective Modeling in RDFS and OWL by Dean Allemang and James Hendler (Jun 3, 2011). Morgan Kaufmann. The whole book is obligatory reading.

Other materials

In addition, the materials listed below for each lecture is either mandatory or suggested reading. Make sure you download the papers and web sites in good time before the exam. That way you are safe if a site becomes unavailable or somehow damaged the last few days before the exam. Note that to download some of the papers, you need to be inside UiB's network. Either use a computer directly on the UiB network or connect to your UiB account with VPN if you are elsewhere.

Finally, the lectures and lectures notes are also in the curriculum.

Lectures

Below are the mandatory and suggested readings for each lecture. All the text-book chapters are mandatory.

Lecture 1: Introduction

• Chapters 1-2 in Allemang & Hendler. In text book.
• Tim Berners-Lee talks about the semantic web (mandatory)
• Welcome to Apache Jena (useful starting page)
• Apache architecture overview (mandatory)
• Apache Jena main page (useful starting page)
• The core RDF API (mandatory)
• Jena tutorials (useful starting page)
• An introduction to RDF and the Jena RDF API (mandatory)
• Package org.apache.jena.rdf.model (supplementary, but necessary for the labs and project - lab 1 and the lecture notes lists the classes and methods you should look at)

Lecture 2: RDF

• Chapter 3 in Allemang & Hendler. In text book.
• W3C's RDF 1.1 Primer (mandatory)
• W3C's RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax (cursory)
• We continue with the Jena RDF materials from lecture 1:
  • The core RDF API (mandatory)
  • An introduction to RDF and the Jena RDF API (mandatory)
  • Package org.apache.jena.rdf.model (supplementary, but necessary for the labs and project)

Lecture 3: RDFS

• Chapters 6-7 in Allemang & Hendler. In text book.
• W3C's RDF Schema 1.1 (mandatory)
• W3C's RDF 1.1 Semantics (cursory, except the axioms and entailments in sections 8 and 9, which we will review in the lecture)
• Reasoners and rules engines: Jena inference support (cursory; sections 1 and 3 are relevant, but a bit hard)
• Javadoc for
  • Model (createRDFSModel)
  • InfModel (getRawModel, remove + the same methods as Model)
  • RDFS (label, comment, subClassOf, subPropertyOf, domain, range...)
  • Reasoner (but we will not use it directly)

(supplementary, but perhaps necessary for the labs and project)

Lecture 4: Architecture (and starting with RDFS Plus)

• Chapter 4 in Allemang & Hendler. In text book.
• Apache architecture overview (mandatory, from lecture 1)
• Apache's TDB (mandatory)
• Apache's TDB Java API (mandatory)
• Package org.apache.jena.tdb Class TDBFactory (createDataset)
• Apache Jena Fuseki (mandatory, but I have not decided whether we will use Fuseki 1 or 2 yet - last time I checked, Fuseki 1 still provided easier support for SPARQL Update)

If we have time at the end, we will also review basic OWL concepts from "RDFS Plus":

• Chapter 8 in Allemang & Hendler. In text book.

Lecture 5: Services

• JSON Syntax (mandatory)
• JSON-LD 1.1 - A JSON-based Serialization for Linked Data (supplementary reference)
• Section 2 in W3C's JSON-LD 1.0 Processing Algorithms and API (mandatory)
• JSON for Linked Data (supplementary)
  • What is Linked Data? Short video introduction to Linked Data by Manu Sporny
  • What is JSON-LD? Short video introduction to JSON-LD by Manu Sporny

Lecture 6: SPARQL

• Chapter 5 in Allemang & Hendler. In text book.
• SPARQL 1.1 Query Language
• SPARQL 1.1 Update Language
• SPARQL 1.1 Overview
• Javadoc for Apache Jena ARQ 3.2.0
  • Query, QueryFactory, QueryExecution, QueryExecutionFactory, ResultSet
  • UpdateFactory, UpdateAction

(supplementary, but perhaps necessary for the labs and project)

Lecture 7: Visualisation

• Shneiderman, Ben (1996): The eyes have it: A task by data type taxonomy for information visualizations. Paper.
• Heer & Shneiderman (2012): Interactive Dynamics for Visual Analysis - A taxonomy of tools that support the fluent and flexible use of visualizations. Paper.
• Skjæveland 2012: Sgvizler. Paper.
• Sgvizler 0.6
• Lohmann et al. (2019): Visualizing Ontologies with VOWL. Semantic Web Journal. Paper.

Lecture 8: RDFS Plus

• Chapter 8 in Allemang & Hendler. In text book.
• Javadoc for
  • OntModel (createOntologyModel)
  • OntModelSpec (the different reasoners are outlined here (very long), OWL_MEM_RULE_INF is a good starting point)
  • OWL (defines built-in OWL resources)
  • OntClass, Individual, ObjectProperty, DatatypeProperty

(supplementary, but perhaps necessary for the labs and project)

Lecture 9: Vocabularies

• Chapters 9-10 and 13 in Allemang & Hendler. In text book.
• Linked Open Vocabularies (LOV)
• LODstats
• Vocabularies:
  • SKOS - Simple Knowledge Organization System Home Page
  • schema.org - Full Hierarchy
  • Dublin Core (DC)
  • Friend of a Friend (FOAF)
  • geo: World Geodetic Standard (WGS) 84 (and few more general comments here)
  • The RDF Data Cube Vocabulary
  • Annotating vocabulary descriptions (VANN)
  • Vocabulary Status (VS)
  • Creative Commons (CC) Vocabulary
  • Vocabulary of Interlinked Datasets (VoID)
  • Provenance Interchange (PROV)
  • Event Ontology (event)
  • Time ontology in OWL (time, OWL-time)
  • Timeline Ontology (tl)
  • Biographical Information (BIO)
  • Semantic Interlinked Online Communities (SIOC)
  • Bibliographic Ontology (bibo)
  • Music Ontology (mo)

This is what we expect you to know about each vocabulary: Its purpose and where and how it can be used. You should know its most central 3-6 classes and properties be able to explain its basic structure. It is less important to get all the names and prefixes 100% right: we do not expect you to learn every little detail by heart. schema.org is less important because you have already had about it in INFO116.

Lecture 10: Linked Open Data (LOD)

• Bizer, C., Heath, T., & Berners-Lee, T. (2009). Linked data-the story so far. Semantic services, interoperability and web applications: emerging concepts, 205-227.
• Färber, M., Ell, B., Menne, C., & Rettinger, A. (2015). A Comparative Survey of DBpedia, Freebase, OpenCyc, Wikidata, and YAGO. Semantic Web Journal, July.
• The Linking Open Data (LOD) cloud diagram
• LODstats

Lecture 11: Open semantic datasets

• Dbpedia
• Wikidata
• GeoNames
• WordNet - A lexical database for English
• BabelNet

Lecture 12: OWL

• Chapters 11-12 in Allemang & Hendler. In text book.
• OWL 2 Document Overview (cursory)
• OWL2 Primer (cursory)
• OWL 2 Quick Reference Guide (cursory)
• VOWL: Visual Notation for OWL Ontologies (cursory)
• WebVOWL (cursory)
• Jena Ontology API (we will most likely not go into this) (cursory)

Lecture 13: OWL DL

• Nardi & Brachman: Introduction to Description Logics. Chapter 1 in Description Logic Handbook. Chapter. (cursory)
• Baader & Nutt: Basic Description Logics. Chapter 2 in Description Logic Handbook. Chapter. (cursory, gets mathematical after the introduction)
• Complexity of Reasoning in Description Logics. Powered by Evgeny Zolin. (informative)

Lecture 14: Ontology development

• Chapters 14-16 in Allemang & Hendler. In text book.
• Noy & McGuinness (2001): Ontology Development 101: A Guide to Creating Your First Ontology. Paper.
• Sicilia et al. (2012): Empirical findings on ontology metrics. Paper. (cursory)

INFO216, UiB, Spring 2017, Prof. Andreas L. Opdahl (c)